problem of poverty

Hunger and World Poverty

About 25,000 people die every day of hunger or hunger-related causes, according to the United Nations. This is one person every three and a half seconds, as you can see on this display. Unfortunately, it is children who die most often. 

Yet there is plenty of food in the world for everyone. The problem is that hungry people are trapped in severe poverty. They lack the money to buy enough food to nourish themselves. Being constantly malnourished, they become weaker and often sick. This makes them increasingly less able to work, which then makes them even poorer and hungrier. This downward spiral often continues until death for them and their families.

There are effective programs to break this spiral. For adults, there are “food for work” programs where the adults are paid with food to build schools, dig wells, make roads, and so on. This both nourishes them and builds infrastructure to end the poverty. For children, there are “food for education” programs where the children are provided with food when they attend school. Their education will help them to escape from hunger and global poverty. 

Hunger and World Poverty Sources: United Nations World Food Program (WFP), Oxfam, UNICEF.

AIDS

AIDS is now second only to the Black Death as the largest epidemic in history. AIDS kills over 2 million people a year, or about one person every 15 seconds, as you can see here. This death toll surprisingly includes a lot of children, who are often infected with the HIV virus during pregnancy or through breast-feeding. 

The toll is worst in Africa, where millions of parents have died, leaving children as orphans. Often teachers have died as well, leaving schools empty. Doctors and nurses have died, leaving hospitals and medical clinics with nothing. Farmers have died, leaving crops in the fields. Entire villages have been devastated. 

Yet AIDS is a preventable and increasingly treatable disease. The huge majority of deaths can be stopped. Through education, the use of condoms, and proper medicine, AIDS has been brought under control in the developed countries. The same can be true in Africa and other poor areas of the world. 

Sources: Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), World Health Organization (WHO).

Diarrhea

Diarrheal diseases such as cholera and dysentery kill about 1.6 million people each year, almost all of them children. Diarrhea is most often a result of unclean water, unsafe sanitation, or poor hygiene.

Strong, healthy people can recover from diarrhea in a few hours or days at most. However, individuals weakened by malnutrition or sickness often cannot recover and start losing large amounts of fluids and salts. Without treatment, this may continue until they actually die of dehydration. Children become dehydrated faster than adults.

The treatment for diarrhea is surprisingly simple. Called Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT), it is a mixture of water, salt, and sugar that replenishes the lost fluids in the body. This basic treatment has helped reduce diarrheal deaths by about two-thirds in the last 25 years. It is perhaps the height of human tragedy that still so many parents must watch a son or daughter die of diarrhea when the cure is so simple and so inexpensive. It is not difficult to make sure that even severely impoverished people have access to clean water, sugar, and salt.

Sources: UNICEF, World Health Organization (WHO), Rehydration Project.

Tuberculosis

In the entire history of humankind, it is believed that tuberculosis has killed more people than any other disease (in shorter periods of time, the epidemics of the Black Death and AIDS have killed more). Tuberculosis dates back to at least 4000 BC and was present in ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome, and India. Known as consumption, it was responsible for one in five deaths in 17th century London. 

Tuberculosis is highly contagious and spreads through the air from coughing. If not treated, a person with TB infects an average of 10 to 15 new people each year. Once thought to be under control, tuberculosis still kills well over 1.5 million people each year, a figure that is now increasing slightly each year. 

In 1995 the World Health Organization launched a multi-pronged tuberculosis program called DOTS (Directly Observed Therapy). Since then it has successfully treated more than 22 million tuberculosis patients. Funding is needed so that this effective program can expand to reach all the people who need it. 

Sources: World Health Organization (WHO), Stop TB Partnership.

Malaria

Over a million people die from malaria each year and many millions more are seriously weakened by it. Malaria is spread by mosquitoes. One bite from an infected mosquito can mean weeks of fever and exhaustion, preventing children from going to school and adults from working to provide for their families. Close to 90% of malaria cases occur in Africa.

Although malaria is treatable with anti-malarial drugs, these are often not available in the poorest areas. The best cure is prevention, and the best prevention is mosquito nets for beds. This bed netting protects people from mosquitoes while they sleep at night, when the mosquitoes come out. 

The cost for a bed net is $6, but since people in Africa often sleep two or more to a bed, the cost per person is about $3. Ideally, every person in the affected areas of Africa would be provided with a bed net. Besides saving lives, this would be an excellent economic investment, as the cost of malaria to Africans in lost productivity alone is estimated in the billions of dollars each year. 

Sources: UNICEF, World Health Organization (WHO).

Measles and Other Childhood Diseases

The so-called childhood diseases of measles, pertussis (whooping cough), tetanus, and diphtheria are responsible for a little less than a million deaths per year. Of these diseases, measles takes the greatest toll. Fortunately, all of these diseases are preventable through inexpensive vaccines. Typically a child will receive one vaccine for measles and once vaccine for the other three diseases combined. 

Very recently, there has been great success with measles vaccinations. Between 2001 and 2005, the Measles Initiative, an international partnership backed by a number of organizations and individuals, vaccinated some 200 million children in poor countries. This cut the number of measles deaths by more than half.

At a cost of less than $1 per measles vaccination, this program shows how a relatively small amount of funding can make a huge difference in lives saved. There is no reason that this program cannot be extended to vaccinate all of the children who need it, provided enough funding is available. 

Sources: UNICEF, American Red Cross, World Health Organization (WHO).

prambanan temple

merbabu > In the year 1733, this temple is found by CA. Lons a Dutch citizen, and in the year 1855, Jan Willem IJzerman start to clean and move some rocks and soil from the temple room. some time later Isaac Groneman perform large-scale destruction and the temple stones are stacked in haphazard along River Opak. In the year 1902-1903, Theodoor van ERP maintain that the collapse-prone. In the years 1918-1926, followed by ancient Jawatan (Oudheidkundige Dienst) in the bottom of the PJ Perquin with a more methodical and systematic, as known to the preceding discharge and the transfer of thousands of miles without thinking about the restoration effort back. In the year 1926 was extended until De Haan died in 1930. In the year 1931 was replaced by Ir. V.R. van Romondt until the year 1942 and then submitted it to the renovation of the son of Indonesia and continue until the year 1993. 



Many parts of the temple is renovated, the new stone, because the original stones are stolen or re-used elsewhere. A temple will be renovated only when at least 75% original stone is still there. Thus, many small temples, the temple was built not only look back and fondasinya only. 

Now, this temple is a protected site by UNESCO started in 1991. Among other things this means that the complex is protected and has a special status, eg also in situations of war. 

Prambanan is a Hindu temple in Southeast Asia, the main building is high 47m. 



This temple complex consists of 8 major temple or shrine, and more than 250 small temples. 

Three main temple called Trisakti and Hyang be devoted to the Trinity: the crusher Batara Siwa, Wisnu Batara the affairs and Brahma the Creator Batara. 



Siwa Temple in the middle, a four room, one room in each direction of the wind. While the first load an image Batara Siwa as three meters, the three other image-size statue which is smaller, the Durga iconography, sacred or Batara Siwa wife, Agastya, teachers, and Ganesa, son. 

Durga statue is also known as Rara or Lara / Loro Jongrang (slender virgin) by the local people. To be able to see the full article Loro Jonggrang. 

Two other temples Batara be devoted to Vishnu, which is facing to the north and one to be Batara Brahma, facing south. In addition there are several other small temples that are to the calf Nandini, vehicle Batara Siwa, the Angsa, vehicle Batara Brahma, and the Garuda, Vishnu Batara vehicle. 



And the relief around the edge twenty temples reflect wiracarita Ramayana. Version described here is different from the ancient Javanese Ramayana, but similar to the Ramayana story is revealed through oral tradition. In addition, this temple complex is surrounded by more than 250 temples of varying size and called perwara. In the Prambanan temple complex, there is also a museum store historical objects, including stone god Siwa Lingga, as a symbol of fertility.

borobudur

 Borobudur temple is located in the district magelang, central java. this temple is the largest Buddhist temple in indonesia. As one of the seven wonders of the world, Borobudur was built by using the + / - 55,000 m3 of stone. Building up to this high peak is 42m, with a base width 123 m. Portrait and solid tower and part of the history of the century was the age of 12. When would this temple was founded is not known with certainty. The absence of evidence is the Borobudur full darkness. Determination of age is done with attention to the basic pattern of temples and carvings that show patterns 8 Central Java century BC. 



Since built on the 8 th century, the history of Borobudur relief drowned. Once completed, Borobudur be the central research and development of Buddhist religion. This embraces the religion, to learn to visit Borobudur Buddhist religion. The entire series of reliefs of Borobudur contains teachings Buddhist religion. At the time the building became the center of attention Borobudur and adored as a sacred building.



However, it does not take long. Along with the Buddhist religion reflux, Borobudur left the followers. After the dynasty Cailendra (Caila = mountain, Indra = king) vanish, Borobudur no news news. Many centuries Borobudur darkness closed. Does not have any posts or news of Borobudur. 



Along with moving the center of the kingdom of central Java to West Java, Borobudur become practical slipshod again. Former gray volcanic eruptions that Borobudur tuck into media for growing grass and shrub. Small trees begin to grow the Borobudur switch form a pile of stone that closed shrub and appear so terrible to make people afraid to approach. but at this time Borobudur is one of the attractions of a favorite domestic and international tourists.



One thing that is unique, that this temple appeared to have a format with interesting architecture or mathematics is structured. bagain each foot, the body and the head temple always has a comparison of 4:6:9. Placement-placement stupa also has a distinctive meaning, more of the estimated relief berkatian with astronomy makes Borobudur is the evidence of history interesting to the observed. One of the results of this can be read on the site "In Pursuit of Sacred Science: Architectural Survey of the rectangular Terrace Levels" by Mark Long.

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